For generations, camel herders in Rajasthan relied on the animals for transport, agriculture, and milk production. However, mechanization and rapid urbanization have sharply reduced the economic role of camels, leaving many pastoral families with limited income opportunities and fewer incentives to continue traditional breeding practices.

Camel milk has emerged as one of the few promising growth areas for the sector. Producers and cooperatives are increasingly promoting camel dairy products due to rising consumer interest in alternative and functional nutrition. Despite this potential, supply chains remain underdeveloped and many small-scale herders still lack stable market access.

The report also highlights environmental pressures affecting camel-rearing communities. Expanding infrastructure, industrial projects, and restrictions on grazing routes have reduced access to traditional pasturelands, making herd management more difficult and expensive for pastoral families across the region.