Dr. R.S. Grewal, director of extension education, opened the sessions by highlighting the stark economics of dairy farming, noting that nutrition constitutes roughly 65–70% of total costs. With this economic reality as a backdrop, the programme endeavoured to demonstrate how modern nutritional strategies — rooted in science rather than tradition — can directly boost profitability and farm efficiency.

Course director J.S. Hundal structured the curriculum to balance theory with hands-on skills. Participants engaged in practical demonstrations on producing key feed supplements like mineral mixtures, bypass fat and uromin licks, all designed to optimize herd nutrition. In addition, the training covered fodder preservation techniques, such as silage and hay making, to ensure stable year-round feed availability — a critical factor in cost control.

Expert sessions also addressed livestock nutrition across the lifecycle, from calf rearing to adult milk production. Farmers learned how to formulate balanced rations using locally available ingredients tailored to animal needs, as well as transition feeding protocols that support health during production changes. Another important aspect of the workshop was feed safety, with instructors emphasizing the risks of aflatoxin contamination and the importance of regular feed testing to protect herd health and milk quality.