The scheme is structured to attract both small and medium-level dairy unit entrepreneurs. Beneficiaries are empowered to establish a standardized unit comprising 25 high-yielding milch animals—either cattle or buffalo—of a single breed. The design allows capable individuals to scale their operations significantly, with the provision to set up a maximum of eight such units, resulting in a formidable 200-animal herd. This focus on scale necessitates a proportional land requirement: a minimum of 3.50 acres of agricultural land is mandatory for each 25-animal unit, ensuring sufficient space for housing, fodder management, and scientific operation.

The financial mechanics of the Kamdhenu Scheme are its most attractive component, designed to dramatically lower the entry barrier for prospective producers. The cost for a single 25-animal unit is assessed to be substantial, ranging between ₹36 lakh and ₹42 lakh. To mitigate this initial burden, the government offers significant subsidies: 33 percent of the total project cost for Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe beneficiaries, and a robust 25 percent for all other categories. The balance of the investment is secured through bank loans, positioning the program as a major intervention in dairy economics.

Beyond capital injection, the initiative emphasizes professional development, requiring farmers and milk producers to undergo training in modern, scientific methods of livestock management. Furthermore, the selection process is designed for both transparency and industry alignment. Applications are handled online on a “first come, first served” basis, but crucial priority is given to existing livestock farmers who maintain regular supply relationships with established dairy unions or cooperative institutions, effectively rewarding reliability and integration within the existing supply chain.