Innovation in technology and the demand for more sustainable methods are driving a major revolution in India’s animal husbandry industry. Current developments and technologies, such as blockchain, automation, and precision livestock farming, are revolutionising the animal husbandry sector and present a wealth of opportunities for agribusiness executives, legislators, and academic researchers. With an emphasis on business-to-business applications, this article examines the latest developments in technology and trends influencing animal husbandry in India.
In India, animal husbandry plays a pivotal role in agricultural growth and the national economy. As of 2023, this sector contributes around 4.11 per cent to the GDP and employs a significant portion of the rural population. However, with the rise of global competition, environmental challenges, and growing consumer demands for quality, there is an increasing need to modernise animal husbandry practices. Over the last decade, India has seen a surge in technological innovation across various sectors, including agriculture and animal husbandry. These innovations promise to create a more efficient, sustainable, and profitable future for the animal husbandry industry.
Precision Livestock Farming (PLF)
Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) is revolutionising the way animal husbandry is conducted by integrating cutting-edge technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and data analytics. In India, the adoption of PLF is still in its infancy, but it is gaining traction due to the immense potential for increasing productivity and efficiency.
AI algorithms and IoT devices are now being used to monitor animals’ health in real-time. Sensors placed on livestock can track vital signs such as heart rate, body temperature, and activity levels. This data is processed using machine learning algorithms, allowing for early detection of diseases and optimisation of feeding practices. For example, in dairy farming, IoT devices can track the milking process and monitor milk yield, while AI systems predict lactation patterns, improving the overall efficiency of milk production.
Data analytics further enable farmers to optimise animal husbandry practices by providing insights into breeding, feeding, and health management. Decision support systems are being developed to help farmers make data-driven decisions that minimise risks and maximise productivity. Additionally, remote monitoring tools allow farmers to oversee animal health and productivity from afar, providing timely interventions when needed.
Genomic Technologies
Genomic technologies are playing a critical role in improving livestock breeds and their productivity. These technologies focus on enhancing the genetic potential of animals to produce healthier, more productive breeds.
Genomic selection involves evaluating the genetic makeup of animals to identify the most desirable traits, such as disease resistance, higher milk production, and better growth rates. This approach is being widely used in breeding programmes to create high-yielding cattle breeds. In India, both the dairy and meat industries are leveraging genomic selection to improve livestock quality and productivity.
Advanced reproductive technologies like In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) and embryo transfer are also gaining prominence in India. These techniques allow for the selection of superior genetic traits, thereby improving the overall quality of livestock. The Rashtriya Gokul Mission, launched by the Indian government, has been instrumental in promoting artificial insemination, IVF, and embryo transfer in cattle, leading to improved milk production and herd quality. Additionally, emerging gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR, although still in their early stages, hold great promise for revolutionising animal husbandry by improving disease resistance and productivity.
By Ramanuj Panda, Founder, GoCarin
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